Trigger finger (flexor tendinitis) develops in the tendons of the fingers. Tendinitis is caused by the collection of fluid around the tendons and joints. Tendinitis is worsened by repetitive movements which aggravate the tendon and lead to inflammation, swelling, and a narrowing of the sheath that surrounds the tendon. When the sheath narrows, it interferes with the tendon movement and can cause the finger to click/snap or lock in the bent position. Trigger finger is most prevalent in the thumb, middle or ring fingers.
Symptoms:
- Finger stiffness
- Clicking or snapping with finger movement
- Finger locking in the bent position
- A bump at the base of the affected finger
Causes:
- Repetitive gripping action over a prolonged period of time
- Diabetes, hypothyroidism, and rheumatoid arthritis may place you at an increased risk of developing trigger finger
Treatment:
- Non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory medications
- Avoid activities that involve repetitive gripping action
- A splint may be worn to keep the finger in the extended position, or to prevent bending the finger while sleeping
- Physical therapy
- Steroid injections
- Cortisone injections
- Surgery may be necessary to release the tendon in cases that do not respond to other treatments
